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📖 English
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This glossary contains terms from the HRSA/organdonor.gov official glossary, listed alphabetically. The Interpreter Notes column flags terms requiring special handling or attention in the field. Where no note appears, standard accurate rendering applies.
Source: HRSA / organdonor.gov Official Glossary | Interpreter notes added by MasterWord
| Term | Definition | Interpreter Notes |
|---|---|---|
| A | ||
| Allocation | The process of determining how organs are distributed. Includes policies and guidelines ensuring organs are distributed in an equitable, ethical, and medically sound manner. | — |
| Allograft | A transplant of an organ or tissue from another person of the same species. | — |
| Aneurysm | A ballooning or weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel. As it increases in size, risk of rupture increases, which can lead to internal bleeding and death. | — |
| Anti-Rejection Medicine (Immunosuppressive Drugs) | Medicines that reduce or prevent the body’s ability to reject a transplanted organ or tissue. | Transplant recipients take these for life. Family members may ask about long-term care requirements. |
| Antibody | A protein made by the immune system to attack a foreign substance. Because antibodies attack transplanted organs, transplant patients must take drugs to suppress the body’s attack on the donated organ. | — |
| Antigen | A foreign substance, such as a transplanted organ or tissue, that triggers the body to reject it. | — |
| B | ||
| Blood Vessels | The arteries, veins, and capillaries through which blood circulates. Blood vessels can be donated and transplanted. | Donatable tissue — may be mentioned during the consent conversation. |
| Bone | Dense tissue that forms the skeleton and supports the body. Bone can be donated and transplanted. | Donatable tissue. |
| Bone Marrow | A thick liquid found in hollow bones (leg, arm, hip). Consists of cells that develop into blood cells. Marrow for transplant is usually collected from the pelvic bone. | — |
| Brain Death | Occurs when the brain is totally and irreversibly non-functional. Caused by insufficient blood/oxygen supply, resulting in the death of brain cells. Legally and medically equivalent to death. | CRITICAL TERM. Coordinators may use softer language (“devastating injury,” “no brain activity”) before formal declaration. Render the coordinator’s chosen phrasing exactly — do not substitute clinical terminology they have not used. |
| C | ||
| Cadaveric Donor | Also called a non-living or deceased donor (preferred term). A person who donates organs or tissue after they have died. | Use “deceased donor” as the preferred rendering if interpreting into English. |
| Candidate | A patient who has been placed on the national waiting list for solid organ transplantation. | — |
| Circulatory Death (Cardiac Death / DCD) | Occurs when a person’s heart stops and cannot be resuscitated. Just like brain death, there is no recovery from circulatory death. Also referred to as cardiac death or donation after circulatory death (DCD). | Different clinical protocols than brain death donation (DBD). The coordinator will indicate which pathway applies. |
| Cold Ischemia Time | The time an organ is without blood circulation and kept cold — from removal from the donor to transplantation into the recipient. Preservation times vary from approximately 2 to 48 hours depending on the organ type. | Time-sensitive. This is why the process moves quickly once authorization is obtained. Render any mention of this term precisely. |
| Connective Tissue | Forms the supportive and connective structures of the body, such as tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, and fascia (the covering of muscles). | Donatable tissue category. |
| Cornea | The transparent outer covering of the eye’s iris and pupil. Corneas can be donated and transplanted to restore sight for people with damaged corneas. | Donatable tissue — may be specifically mentioned by the coordinator during the consent conversation. |
| Cross-Matching | A blood test performed before a transplant to determine if the specific donor organ is likely to be rejected by the prospective recipient. A positive test means they are incompatible. | — |
| Cyclosporine | A medicine that suppresses the body’s immune response, preventing organ rejection. One of several immunosuppressive drugs used post-transplant. | — |
| D | ||
| Deceased Donor | A person who has been declared dead and whose organs and/or tissues have been donated for transplantation. Preferred term over “cadaveric donor.” | — |
| Designated Requestor | An individual who has completed an OPO-approved course in the methodology for approaching potential donor families and requesting organ donation. | In most assignments, this is the OPO coordinator (FES/FCS). See Abbreviations Reference. |
| Dialysis | A mechanical process designed to remove toxic substances from the blood, correct fluid and chemical balance, and remove wastes when the kidneys cannot function. See Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis. | — |
| Donation | The act of giving organ(s), tissue(s), or blood to someone else without compensation. | — |
| Domino Transplant | A rare scenario in which patient A receives a heart-lung combination; patient A’s healthy heart is then transplanted into patient B who needs only a heart. | — |
| Donor Designation | Documentation of an individual’s decision to donate organs, eyes, and/or tissues after death — typically on a driver’s license or through a state donor registry. | A valid designation is legally binding. Family cannot override it in most states. |
| Donor Registries | Confidential electronic databases where individuals record their wish to be an organ and tissue donor. Accessible 24/7 to authorized OPO personnel — the fastest way to confirm whether a deceased individual was a registered donor. | — |
| E | ||
| End-Stage Organ Disease | A disease that leads to permanent, complete failure of an organ to function. Examples: emphysema (lungs), cardiomyopathy (heart), polycystic kidney disease (kidneys). | Provides context for why recipients need transplants. |
| End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) | The complete or near-complete failure of the kidneys to function. Kidneys can no longer remove wastes, concentrate urine, or regulate key body functions. | — |
| F | ||
| First Person Consent (Authorization) Legislation | State laws ensuring legal authority to proceed with organ procurement without family consent, based on the deceased’s own documented consent (e.g., driver’s license, donor registry). | If a family objects but the donor was registered, the OPO coordinator will explain the legal framework. Render this conversation completely and accurately. |
| G | ||
| Genetic Disorder | A disease or disorder related to heredity, birth, or origin. | — |
| Graft | A transplanted organ or tissue. | — |
| Graft Survival | The length of time an organ functions successfully after being transplanted. | — |
| H | ||
| Heart | A muscular organ that pumps blood through the body. The heart can be donated and transplanted. | One of eight donatable organs. |
| Heart Valves | Structures that prevent the backflow of blood as it is pumped through the heart. Heart valves can be donated and transplanted. | Donatable tissue. |
| Hemodialysis | A treatment for kidney failure in which the patient’s blood is passed through a filtering membrane to remove excess fluid and wastes. | — |
| Histocompatibility | The examination or testing of antigens to determine if a donor organ will match and be compatible with a recipient’s system. Also called tissue-typing. | — |
| Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) | Genetically determined markers on human white blood cells and tissues, inherited from both biological parents. HLA matching is important for donor-recipient compatibility. | — |
| I | ||
| Idiopathic | Relating to an organ damaged or destroyed by a disease or condition of unknown origin. | — |
| Immune Response | The body’s natural defense against foreign objects or organisms — including transplanted organs. | — |
| Immunosuppressive Drugs | Chemical agents that prevent the body from producing antibodies that fight foreign material, allowing acceptance of a donor organ. See also Anti-Rejection Medicine. | — |
| Informed Consent | The process of reaching a voluntary agreement based on full disclosure and full understanding of what will take place. In this context: the family’s decision to authorize donation on behalf of the deceased. | CRITICAL CONCEPT. The authorization conversation is informed consent. Omissions or distortions by the interpreter can compromise its legal and ethical validity. |
| Intestines | The portion of the digestive tract from the stomach to the anus (small and large intestine). The intestines can be donated and transplanted. | One of eight donatable organs. |
| K | ||
| Kidneys | A pair of organs that maintain water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter metabolic waste excreted as urine. Can be donated by deceased and living donors. | One of eight donatable organs. Two kidneys can be donated. |
| L | ||
| Ligaments | Fibrous bands linking two or more bones, cartilages, or structures together. Provide stability during rest and movement. Can be transplanted. | Donatable tissue. |
| Liver | A large organ that secretes bile and is active in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Also removes waste and toxins from the bloodstream. Can be donated by deceased donors; a lobe can be donated by a living donor. | One of eight donatable organs. |
| Living Donor | A person who donates an organ or tissue while alive. Living donors can donate a kidney or a portion of the liver, lung, or intestine. | Distinct from deceased donation. The interpreter’s role and obligations are identical. |
| Lungs | The organs that enable breathing, providing life-sustaining oxygen to the body. Both lungs can be donated and transplanted; a lung lobe can be donated by a living donor. | One of eight donatable organs. Two lungs can be donated. |
| Lymphocytotoxic Crossmatch Test | Detects antibodies in the recipient that react with donor HLA antigens. A positive result identifies antibodies responsible for hyperacute rejection and is a contraindication to transplantation. | Highly technical. If mentioned in a family conversation, render it phonetically and alert the coordinator immediately after. |
| M | ||
| Match | The degree of compatibility between a donor and a recipient. | — |
| Match Run | The list generated when a donor’s information is entered into the national waiting list computer system to identify potential recipients. | — |
| Metabolic Disorder | A condition related to dysfunction in the body’s chemical processes (metabolism). | — |
| N | ||
| National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA) | Passed by Congress in 1984. Established the national organ sharing system (OPTN) and the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR). Outlawed the sale of human organs in the United States. | — |
| O | ||
| Organ | A part of the body, made up of various tissues, that performs a particular function. Transplantable organs: heart, intestines, liver, lungs, kidneys, and pancreas. | — |
| Organ Donation | Giving an organ or part of an organ to be transplanted into another person. Can occur with a deceased or living donor. | — |
| Organ Preservation | Methods used to maintain organ quality between removal from the donor and transplantation into the recipient. Includes preservation solutions, pumps, and cold storage. Preservation times range from 2 to 48 hours depending on the organ. | Related to Cold Ischemia Time. |
| Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) | Established by NOTA in 1984. Improves the effectiveness of the national organ procurement, donation, and transplantation system. Administered by UNOS under contract to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. | — |
| Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) | Federally designated local organizations responsible for coordinating the donation process, evaluating potential donors, discussing donation with surviving families, and arranging the surgical removal and transport of donated organs. | The OPO is the client organization. The interpreter is contracted through MasterWord — contact MasterWord, not the OPO, for any issues. |
| P | ||
| Pancreas | A gland behind the stomach that secretes insulin and digestive enzymes. Pancreas transplants can allow patients with diabetes to become independent of insulin injections. | One of eight donatable organs. |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | Filtering waste using the peritoneal membrane inside the abdomen. A dialysis solution is introduced, remains for a period, then is drained. Can be performed at home daily. | — |
| Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC) | Stem cells that move from the bone marrow into the circulating blood. Can be donated and used for transplant. | — |
| Procurement | The surgical procedure of removing an organ, corneas, or other tissue(s) from a donor. Also called Recovery. | Performed in an operating room by a surgical team with full respect for the donor. |
| Procurement Coordinator | OPO staff member — typically a nurse, paramedic, or other medically trained individual — responsible for evaluating potential donors, discussing donation with families, medically managing the donor, and arranging organ recovery and transport. | May also be titled Clinical Donation Specialist (CDS), Family Engagement Specialist (FES), or Family Care Specialist (FCS) depending on the OPO. See Abbreviations Reference. |
| R | ||
| Recipient | The patient receiving a donated organ or tissue. | — |
| Recovery | The process of removing organs and tissues from the donor for transplantation. Also called Procurement. | — |
| Rejection (Acute and Chronic) | The body’s defense response against a transplanted organ or tissue, which it perceives as foreign. Acute rejection occurs rapidly; chronic rejection is the slow failure of the donated organ over time. | — |
| Required Request | A law (1986) requiring hospitals to have a policy ensuring that families of all suitable donors are asked for consent to donate. Designed to increase organ and tissue donation opportunities. | — |
| Requester | A healthcare professional who discusses organ donation with surviving family members to obtain their consent. | In current practice, this is typically the OPO coordinator (FES/FCS). |
| S | ||
| Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) | Established by NOTA (1984). Provides evaluation of clinical information about donors, transplant candidates, and recipients, as well as patient and graft survival rates. | — |
| Skin | The largest organ of the body. Functions include protection from infection and fluid balance. Skin grafts can save burn victims and improve the quality of life for severely scarred individuals. | Donatable tissue — may be mentioned during a tissue donation consent conversation. |
| Status | In transplantation, an indication of the degree of medical urgency for patients awaiting heart or liver transplants. | — |
| T | ||
| Tendon | A tough, flexible band of fibrous tissue connecting muscles to bones. Tendons can be transplanted. | Donatable tissue. |
| Tissue | A body part consisting of similar cells that perform a special function. Transplantable tissues include bones, corneas, heart valves, ligaments, veins, and tendons. | — |
| Tissue Typing | A procedure testing the tissues of a prospective donor and recipient to identify human leukocyte antigens (HLA). See Histocompatibility. | — |
| Transplantation | The transfer of cells, tissue, or organs from one person to another. | — |
| Transplantation — Allogenic (Allograft) | Transplantation between genetically different members of the same species (not identical twins). | — |
| Transplantation — Autologous | Receiving a transplant of one’s own cells or tissues. Can be used to repair or replace damaged tissue (e.g., autologous bone marrow transplantation prior to cancer therapy). | — |
| Transplant Coordinator | A transplant center staff member responsible for managing the care and progress of potential transplant recipients before, during, and after transplantation. | This is a transplant center role, distinct from the OPO coordinator. |
| Transplant Recipient | A person who has received a tissue or organ transplant. | — |
| U | ||
| United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) | The private, nonprofit organization that administers the OPTN under contract to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Coordinates the national organ matching system and the waiting list. | — |
| V | ||
| Vascularized Composite Allograft (VCA) | A transplant composed of several types of tissue — skin, bone, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. Examples include hand, arm, or face transplants. | Less common; may be mentioned in specialized donation assignments. |
| W | ||
| Waiting List | A national database maintained by the OPTN of all patients waiting for an organ transplant. Composed of sublists for specific organs. See Match Run. | Over 100,000 individuals on the national list at any given time. |
| X | ||
| Xenograft | An organ or tissue transplanted into a human from a non-human animal. | — |
🔤 EN Abbreviations
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This reference covers abbreviations commonly used in OPO communications, clinical settings, and donation-related correspondence. Note that some role titles (FES, FCS, FSC) vary by OPO – they describe the same family-facing function. When in doubt about a specific abbreviation used by a client, ask before interpreting.
Sources: HRSA/organdonor.gov; Association of Organ Procurement Organizations (AOPO); Organ Donation & Transplantation Alliance; Indiana Donor Network; UNOS/OPTN
| Abbrev. | Full Term | Notes for Interpreters |
|---|---|---|
| AOPO | Association of Organ Procurement Organizations | National membership organization representing OPOs. |
| AP | Authorizing / Acknowledging Party | The individual who signs the authorization form for donation; may differ from LNOK in some state laws. |
| BD / DBD | Brain Death / Donation after Brain Death | Death declared by neurologic criteria. BD is the determination; DBD describes the donation pathway. |
| CDS | Clinical Donation Specialist | OPO staff role focused on the medical/clinical management of the donor and organ matching. Also called Procurement Coordinator at some OPOs. |
| CMS | Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services | Federal agency that designates and oversees OPOs. |
| DCD | Donation after Circulatory Death (also: Cardiac Death) | A donation pathway in which death is declared by circulatory criteria rather than neurologic criteria. Follows different clinical protocols than DBD. |
| DSA | Designated Service Area | The geographic region an OPO is federally authorized to serve. |
| FCS | Family Care Specialist | Alternative OPO title for the staff member who leads family support and the authorization conversation. Same function as FES; title varies by OPO. |
| FES | Family Engagement Specialist | OPO staff member who leads the authorization conversation with the donor family and provides ongoing family support. The interpreter’s primary speaker in most donation encounters. Title used by LifeGift; equivalent roles at other OPOs may be called FCS or FSC. |
| FPA | First Person Authorization | A legally binding donor designation made by the individual during their lifetime (e.g., on a driver’s license or donor registry). In FPA states, the family cannot override this decision. |
| FSC | Family Services Coordinator | Another OPO title variant for the family-facing staff role. Same function as FES/FCS. |
| HHS | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services | Federal department with oversight authority over organ donation and transplantation policy. |
| HLA | Human Leukocyte Antigens | Genetic markers used in donor-recipient compatibility testing (tissue typing). |
| ICU | Intensive Care Unit | Hospital unit where most potential organ donors are managed prior to donation. |
| LNOK | Legal Next-of-Kin | The person(s) with legal authority to make decisions about donation if the deceased was not a registered donor. Hierarchy typically follows: spouse → adult children → parents → siblings → other close relatives. |
| ME | Medical Examiner | In cases where a death is subject to legal or forensic review, the ME must release jurisdiction before donation can proceed. |
| NOTA | National Organ Transplant Act | Federal law (1984) that established the OPTN and the framework for OPOs in the United States. |
| OPO | Organ Procurement Organization | A federally designated non-profit organization responsible for coordinating deceased organ donation within a specific geographic service area. There are 58 OPOs in the United States. |
| OPTN | Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network | The national network that manages organ matching and transplant policies. Administered by UNOS under federal contract. |
| PIC / POC | Person in Charge / Point of Contact | Hospital staff member coordinating with the OPO at the facility level. |
| SRTR | Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients | Federal database tracking all solid organ transplants in the US; used for OPO performance reporting. |
| UAGA | Uniform Anatomical Gift Act | State-level law providing legal guidelines for organ donation, including the legally binding nature of donor registrations and the LNOK hierarchy. |
| UNOS | United Network for Organ Sharing | Private non-profit that administers the OPTN under federal contract. Manages the national transplant waiting list. |
A note on role titles: FES, FCS, and FSC all refer to the same family-facing OPO function. Different OPOs use different titles for the coordinator who leads the family authorization conversation and provides support. FES (Family Engagement Specialist) is the title used by LifeGift; other OPOs may use FCS (Family Care Specialist) or FSC (Family Services Coordinator). In all cases, this is your primary speaker during the consent conversation. If you are unsure of the correct title before an assignment, refer to your assignment details or ask an OPO representative during a pre-brief.
🌐 Bilingual (EN-ES)
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Terms are listed alphabetically based on the English term. Spanish terms reflect the official U.S. government Spanish-language equivalents where available. Interpreters should use the Spanish equivalents from this glossary as their default and flag any regional variations relevant to their specific locale. The Interpreter Notes column flags terms requiring special handling or attention in the field. Where no note appears, standard accurate rendering applies.
Source: HRSA / organdonor.gov Official Glossary | Interpreter notes added by MasterWord
Translation Sources: [A] donaciondeorganos.gov — official Spanish-language HRSA/organdonor.gov site | [B] MedlinePlus en español — U.S. National Library of Medicine | [C] MasterWord / standard medical Spanish — used only where no official U.S. government equivalent is available.
| Term (EN / ES) | Definition — English | Definición — Español | Source | Interpreter Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | ||||
| Allocation Asignación | The process of determining how organs are distributed. Includes policies and guidelines ensuring organs are distributed in an equitable, ethical, and medically sound manner. | El proceso de determinar cómo se distribuyen los órganos. La asignación incluye el sistema de políticas y normas que garantizan que los órganos se distribuyan de manera equitativa, ética y médicamente efectiva. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Allograft Aloinjerto | A transplant of an organ or tissue from another person of the same species. | Trasplante de un órgano o tejido que proviene de otra persona de la misma especie. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Aneurysm Aneurisma | A ballooning or weakened area in the wall of a blood vessel. As it increases in size, risk of rupture increases, which can lead to internal bleeding and death. | Una inflamación o zona debilitada de la pared de un vaso sanguíneo. A medida que aumenta de tamaño, aumenta el riesgo de ruptura, lo que puede desencadenar un sangrado interno y la muerte. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Anti-Rejection Medicine (Immunosuppressive Drugs) Medicamentos antirrechazo (inmunosupresores) | Medicines that reduce or prevent the body’s ability to reject a transplanted organ or tissue. | Medicamentos que reducen o evitan que el organismo rechace un órgano o tejido trasplantado. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Transplant recipients take these for life. Family members may ask about long-term care requirements. |
| Antibody Anticuerpo | A protein made by the immune system to attack a foreign substance. Because antibodies attack transplanted organs, transplant patients must take drugs to suppress the body’s attack on the donated organ. | Una proteína producida por el sistema inmunológico para atacar una sustancia extraña. Debido a que los anticuerpos atacan los órganos trasplantados, los pacientes deben tomar medicamentos inmunosupresores. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Antigen Antígeno | A foreign substance, such as a transplanted organ or tissue, that triggers the body to reject it. | Una sustancia extraña, como un órgano o tejido trasplantado, que provoca que el cuerpo la rechace. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| B | ||||
| Blood Vessels Vasos sanguíneos | The arteries, veins, and capillaries through which blood circulates. Blood vessels can be donated and transplanted. | Las arterias, venas y capilares por los que circula la sangre. Los vasos sanguíneos pueden donarse y trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue — may be mentioned during the consent conversation. |
| Bone Hueso | Dense tissue that forms the skeleton and supports the body. Bone can be donated and transplanted. | Tejido denso que forma el esqueleto y sostiene el cuerpo. El hueso puede donarse y trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue. |
| Bone Marrow Médula ósea | A thick liquid found in hollow bones (leg, arm, hip). Consists of cells that develop into blood cells. Marrow for transplant is usually collected from the pelvic bone. | Líquido espeso que se encuentra en los huesos huecos (pierna, brazo, cadera). Está compuesto de células que se convierten en células sanguíneas. La médula para trasplante generalmente se obtiene del hueso pélvico. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Brain Death Muerte cerebral | Occurs when the brain is totally and irreversibly non-functional. Caused by insufficient blood/oxygen supply, resulting in the death of brain cells. Legally and medically equivalent to death. | Ocurre cuando el cerebro deja de funcionar de manera total e irreversible. Es causada por el suministro insuficiente de sangre y oxígeno, lo que produce la muerte de las células cerebrales. Es el equivalente legal y médico de la muerte. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | CRITICAL TERM. Coordinators may use softer language (“devastating injury,” “no brain activity”) before formal declaration. Render the coordinator’s chosen phrasing exactly — do not substitute clinical terminology they have not used. |
| C | ||||
| Cadaveric Donor Donante cadavérico | Also called a non-living or deceased donor (preferred term). A person who donates organs or tissue after they have died. | También llamado donante fallecido (término preferido). Persona cuyos órganos y tejidos son donados después de su fallecimiento. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Use “deceased donor” as the preferred rendering if interpreting into English. |
| Candidate Candidato | A patient who has been placed on the national waiting list for solid organ transplantation. | Paciente que ha sido incluido en la lista de espera nacional para el trasplante de órganos sólidos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Circulatory Death (Cardiac Death / DCD) Muerte circulatoria (muerte cardíaca / DCD) | Occurs when a person’s heart stops and cannot be resuscitated. Just like brain death, there is no recovery from circulatory death. Also referred to as cardiac death or donation after circulatory death (DCD). | Ocurre cuando el corazón de una persona se detiene y no puede ser reanimado. Al igual que la muerte cerebral, no hay recuperación de la muerte circulatoria. También conocida como muerte cardíaca o obtención tras muerte circulatoria (DCD). | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Different clinical protocols than brain death donation (DBD). The coordinator will indicate which pathway applies. |
| Cold Ischemia Time Tiempo de isquemia fría | The time an organ is without blood circulation and kept cold — from removal from the donor to transplantation into the recipient. Preservation times vary from approximately 2 to 48 hours depending on the organ type. | El tiempo que un órgano permanece sin circulación sanguínea y conservado en frío, desde su extracción del donante hasta el trasplante al receptor. Los tiempos de preservación varían entre 2 y 48 horas aproximadamente, según el tipo de órgano. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Time-sensitive. This is why the process moves quickly once authorization is obtained. Render any mention of this term precisely. |
| Connective Tissue Tejido conjuntivo (conectivo) | Forms the supportive and connective structures of the body, such as tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, and fascia (the covering of muscles). | Forma las estructuras de sostén y conexión del cuerpo, como tendones, ligamentos, cartílago, hueso y fascia (la cubierta de los músculos). | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue category. |
| Cornea Córnea | The transparent outer covering of the eye’s iris and pupil. Corneas can be donated and transplanted to restore sight for people with damaged corneas. | La cubierta exterior transparente del iris y la pupila del ojo. Las córneas pueden donarse y trasplantarse para restaurar la visión en personas con córneas dañadas. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue — may be specifically mentioned by the coordinator during the consent conversation. |
| Cross-Matching Prueba cruzada (crossmatching) | A blood test performed before a transplant to determine if the specific donor organ is likely to be rejected by the prospective recipient. A positive test means they are incompatible. | Análisis de sangre que se realiza antes del trasplante para determinar si el órgano donado es susceptible de ser rechazado por el receptor potencial. Un resultado positivo indica incompatibilidad. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Cyclosporine Ciclosporina | A medicine that suppresses the body’s immune response, preventing organ rejection. One of several immunosuppressive drugs used post-transplant. | Medicamento que suprime la respuesta inmunológica del organismo, previniendo el rechazo del órgano. Es uno de varios inmunosupresores utilizados después del trasplante. | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) | — |
| D | ||||
| Deceased Donor Donante fallecido | A person who has been declared dead and whose organs and/or tissues have been donated for transplantation. Preferred term over “cadaveric donor.” | Persona que ha sido declarada muerta y cuyos órganos y/o tejidos han sido donados para trasplante. Término preferido sobre “donante cadaver.” | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Designated Requestor Solicitante designado | An individual who has completed an OPO-approved course in the methodology for approaching potential donor families and requesting organ donation. | Persona que ha completado el curso aprobado por la OPO sobre la metodología para abordar a las familias de posibles donantes y solicitar la obtención de órganos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | In most assignments, this is the OPO coordinator (FES/FCS). See Abbreviations Reference. |
| Dialysis Diálisis | A mechanical process designed to remove toxic substances from the blood, correct fluid and chemical balance, and remove wastes when the kidneys cannot function. | Proceso mecánico diseñado para eliminar sustancias tóxicas de la sangre, corregir el equilibrio de líquidos y sustancias químicas, y eliminar desechos cuando los riñones no pueden funcionar. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Donation Obtención | The act of giving organ(s), tissue(s), or blood to someone else without compensation. | El acto de ceder órganos, tejidos o sangre a otra persona sin compensación a cambio. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Domino Transplant Trasplante secuencial o en cadena | A rare scenario in which patient A receives a heart-lung combination; patient A’s healthy heart is then transplanted into patient B who needs only a heart. | Situación poco frecuente en la que el paciente A recibe una combinación de corazón y pulmón; el corazón sano del paciente A se trasplanta entonces al paciente B, que solo necesita un corazón. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Donor Designation Designación de donante | Documentation of an individual’s decision to donate organs, eyes, and/or tissues after death — typically on a driver’s license or through a state donor registry. | Documentación de la decisión de una persona de donar órganos, ojos y/o tejidos tras su muerte; generalmente se registra en la licencia de conducir o a través del registro estatal de donantes. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | A valid designation is legally binding. Family cannot override it in most states. |
| Donor Registries Registros de donantes | Confidential electronic databases where individuals record their wish to be an organ and tissue donor. Accessible 24/7 to authorized OPO personnel. | Bases de datos electrónicas confidenciales donde las personas registran su deseo de ser donantes de órganos y tejidos. Accesibles las 24 horas del día, los 7 días de la semana, para el personal autorizado de la OPO. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| E | ||||
| End-Stage Organ Disease Enfermedad terminal | A disease that leads to permanent, complete failure of an organ to function. Examples: emphysema (lungs), cardiomyopathy (heart), polycystic kidney disease (kidneys). | Enfermedad que conduce a la insuficiencia permanente y total de un órgano. Ejemplos: enfisema (pulmones), miocardiopatía (corazón), enfermedad renal poliquística (riñones). | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Provides context for why recipients need transplants. |
| End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Enfermedad renal terminal (ERT) | The complete or near-complete failure of the kidneys to function. Kidneys can no longer remove wastes, concentrate urine, or regulate key body functions. | La insuficiencia renal total o casi total. Los riñones ya no pueden eliminar desechos, concentrar orina ni regular funciones corporales clave. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| F | ||||
| First Person Consent (Authorization) Legislation Legislación sobre el consentimiento del donante | State laws ensuring legal authority to proceed with organ procurement without family consent, based on the deceased’s own documented consent. | Leyes estatales que garantizan la autoridad legal para la procuración de órganos sin consentimiento de la familia, con base en el consentimiento documentado del fallecido. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | If a family objects but the donor was registered, the OPO coordinator will explain the legal framework. Render this conversation completely and accurately. |
| G | ||||
| Genetic Disorder Trastorno genético | A disease or disorder related to heredity, birth, or origin. | Enfermedad o trastorno relacionado con la herencia, el nacimiento o el origen. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Graft Injerto | A transplanted organ or tissue. | Un órgano o tejido trasplantado. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Graft Survival Supervivencia del injerto | The length of time an organ functions successfully after being transplanted. | El tiempo que un órgano funciona satisfactoriamente una vez trasplantado. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| H | ||||
| Heart Corazón | A muscular organ that pumps blood through the body. The heart can be donated and transplanted. | Órgano muscular que bombea sangre por todo el organismo. El corazón puede donarse y trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | One of eight donatable organs. |
| Heart Valves Válvulas cardíacas | Structures that prevent the backflow of blood as it is pumped through the heart. Heart valves can be donated and transplanted. | Estructuras que evitan el flujo inverso de la sangre cuando esta se bombea a través del corazón. Las válvulas cardíacas pueden donarse y trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue. |
| Hemodialysis Hemodiálisis | A treatment for kidney failure in which the patient’s blood is passed through a filtering membrane to remove excess fluid and wastes. | Tratamiento para la insuficiencia renal en el que la sangre del paciente pasa a través de una membrana de filtrado para eliminar el exceso de líquido y desechos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Histocompatibility Histocompatibilidad | The examination or testing of antigens to determine if a donor organ will match and be compatible with a recipient’s system. Also called tissue-typing. | Examen o análisis de antígenos para determinar si un órgano donado es compatible con el sistema del receptor. También se denomina tipificación tisular. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) Antígenos leucocitarios humanos (HLA) | Genetically determined markers on human white blood cells and tissues, inherited from both biological parents. HLA matching is important for donor-recipient compatibility. | Marcadores genéticos en los glóbulos blancos y tejidos humanos, heredados de ambos progenitores biológicos. La compatibilidad HLA es importante para la compatibilidad donante-receptor. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| I | ||||
| Idiopathic Idiopático | Relating to an organ damaged or destroyed by a disease or condition of unknown origin. | Relativo a un órgano dañado o destruido por una enfermedad o afección de origen desconocido. | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) | — |
| Immune Response Respuesta inmunológica | The body’s natural defense against foreign objects or organisms — including transplanted organs. | La defensa natural del organismo contra objetos u organismos extraños, incluidos los órganos trasplantados. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Immunosuppressive Drugs Medicamentos inmunosupresores | Chemical agents that prevent the body from producing antibodies that fight foreign material, allowing acceptance of a donor organ. | Agentes químicos que impiden que el organismo produzca anticuerpos que combaten el material extraño, lo que permite la aceptación de un órgano donado. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Informed Consent Consentimiento informado | The process of reaching a voluntary agreement based on full disclosure and full understanding of what will take place. In this context: the family’s decision to authorize donation on behalf of the deceased. | El proceso de llegar a un acuerdo voluntario basado en la divulgación completa y la comprensión total de lo que ocurrirá. En este contexto: la decisión de la familia de autorizar la obtención en nombre del fallecido. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | CRITICAL CONCEPT. The authorization conversation is informed consent. Omissions or distortions by the interpreter can compromise its legal and ethical validity. |
| Intestines Intestinos | The portion of the digestive tract from the stomach to the anus (small and large intestine). The intestines can be donated and transplanted. | La porción del tracto digestivo desde el estómago hasta el ano (intestino delgado e intestino grueso). Los intestinos pueden donarse y trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | One of eight donatable organs. |
| K | ||||
| Kidneys Riñones | A pair of organs that maintain water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter metabolic waste excreted as urine. Can be donated by deceased and living donors. | Par de órganos que mantienen el equilibrio hídrico y electrolítico, regulan la concentración ácido-base y filtran los desechos metabólicos excretados como orina. Pueden provenir de donantes fallecidos o de donantes vivos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | One of eight donatable organs. Two kidneys can be donated. |
| L | ||||
| Ligaments Ligamentos | Fibrous bands linking two or more bones, cartilages, or structures together. Provide stability during rest and movement. Can be transplanted. | Bandas fibrosas que unen dos o más huesos, cartílagos u otras estructuras. Proporcionan estabilidad en reposo y en movimiento. Pueden trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue. |
| Liver Hígado | A large organ that secretes bile and is active in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Also removes waste and toxins from the bloodstream. Can be donated by deceased donors; a lobe can be donated by a living donor. | Órgano de gran tamaño que secreta bilis y participa activamente en el metabolismo de carbohidratos, grasas y proteínas. También elimina desechos y toxinas del torrente sanguíneo. Puede provenir de donantes fallecidos; un lóbulo puede ser donado por un donante en vida. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | One of eight donatable organs. |
| Living Donor Donante en vida (donante vivo) | A person who donates an organ or tissue while alive. Living donors can donate a kidney or a portion of the liver, lung, or intestine. | Persona que dona un órgano o tejido mientras está viva. Los donantes en vida pueden donar un riñón o una parte del hígado, pulmón o intestino. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Distinct from deceased donation. The interpreter’s role and obligations are identical. |
| Lungs Pulmones | The organs that enable breathing, providing life-sustaining oxygen to the body. Both lungs can be donated and transplanted; a lung lobe can be donated by a living donor. | Los órganos que permiten la respiración, proporcionando oxígeno al organismo. Ambos pulmones pueden donarse y trasplantarse; un lóbulo pulmonar puede ser donado por un donante en vida. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | One of eight donatable organs. Two lungs can be donated. |
| Lymphocytotoxic Crossmatch Test Prueba de compatibilidad linfocitotóxica | Detects antibodies in the recipient that react with donor HLA antigens. A positive result identifies antibodies responsible for hyperacute rejection and is a contraindication to transplantation. | Detecta anticuerpos en el receptor que reaccionan con los antígenos HLA del donante. Un resultado positivo identifica anticuerpos responsables del rechazo hiperagudo y constituye una contraindicación para el trasplante. | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) | Highly technical. |
| M | ||||
| Match Compatibilidad | The degree of compatibility between a donor and a recipient. | El grado de compatibilidad entre un donante y un receptor. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Match Run Búsqueda de compatibilidad | The list generated when a donor’s information is entered into the national waiting list computer system to identify potential recipients. | La lista que se genera para identificar posibles receptores cuando la información de un donante se ingresa en el sistema informático de la lista de espera nacional. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Metabolic Disorder Trastorno metabólico | A condition related to dysfunction in the body’s chemical processes (metabolism). | Afección relacionada con una disfunción en los procesos químicos del organismo (metabolismo). | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) | — |
| N | ||||
| National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA) Ley Nacional de Trasplante de Órganos (NOTA) | Passed by Congress in 1984. Established the national organ sharing system (OPTN) and the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR). Outlawed the sale of human organs in the United States. | Promulgada por el Congreso en 1984. Estableció la Red de Obtención y Trasplante de Órganos (OPTN) como sistema nacional de distribución de órganos y el Registro Científico de Receptores de Trasplantes (SRTR). Prohibió la venta de órganos humanos en los Estados Unidos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| O | ||||
| Organ Órgano | A part of the body, made up of various tissues, that performs a particular function. Transplantable organs: heart, intestines, liver, lungs, kidneys, and pancreas. | Parte del cuerpo, compuesta de varios tejidos, que cumple una función particular. Órganos trasplantables: corazón, intestinos, hígado, pulmones, riñones y páncreas. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Organ Donation Obtención de órganos | Giving an organ or part of an organ to be transplanted into another person. Can occur with a deceased or living donor. | Dar un órgano o parte de un órgano para que se trasplante a otra persona. Puede realizarse con un donante fallecido o un donante en vida. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Organ Preservation Preservación de órganos | Methods used to maintain organ quality between removal from the donor and transplantation into the recipient. Includes preservation solutions, pumps, and cold storage. | Métodos utilizados para mantener la calidad de los órganos entre su extracción del donante y el trasplante al receptor. Incluye soluciones de preservación, bombas y almacenamiento en frío. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Related to Cold Ischemia Time. |
| Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) Red de Obtención y Trasplante de Órganos (OPTN) | Established by NOTA in 1984. Improves the effectiveness of the national organ procurement, donation, and transplantation system. Administered by UNOS under contract to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. | Establecida por la NOTA en 1984. Mejora la eficacia del sistema nacional de obtención y trasplante de órganos. Administrada por UNOS bajo contrato con el Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos de los EE. UU. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) Organización de Obtención de Órganos (OPO) | Federally designated local organizations responsible for coordinating the donation process, evaluating potential donors, discussing donation with surviving families, and arranging the surgical removal and transport of donated organs. | Organizaciones locales designadas a nivel federal responsables de coordinar el proceso de obtención, evaluar a los posibles donantes, hablar con las familias sobrevivientes sobre la obtención y gestionar la extracción quirúrgica y el transporte de los órganos donados. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | The OPO is the client organization. The interpreter is contracted through MasterWord — contact MasterWord, not the OPO, for any issues. |
| P | ||||
| Pancreas Páncreas | A gland behind the stomach that secretes insulin and digestive enzymes. Pancreas transplants can allow patients with diabetes to become independent of insulin injections. | Glándula ubicada detrás del estómago que secreta insulina y enzimas digestivas. Los trasplantes de páncreas pueden permitir que los pacientes con diabetes dejen de depender de las inyecciones de insulina. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | One of eight donatable organs. |
| Peritoneal Dialysis Diálisis peritoneal | Filtering waste using the peritoneal membrane inside the abdomen. A dialysis solution is introduced, remains for a period, then is drained. Can be performed at home daily. | Filtración de desechos mediante la membrana peritoneal en el interior del abdomen. Se introduce una solución de diálisis, permanece un tiempo y luego se drena. Puede realizarse en el hogar diariamente. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC) Células madre de sangre periférica (CMSP) | Stem cells that move from the bone marrow into the circulating blood. Can be donated and used for transplant. | Células madre que pasan de la médula ósea a la sangre circulante. Pueden donarse y utilizarse para trasplante. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Procurement Obtención (extracción) | The surgical procedure of removing an organ, corneas, or other tissue(s) from a donor. Also called Recovery. | Procedimiento quirúrgico de extracción de un órgano, córneas u otros tejidos de un donante. También denominado recuperación. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Performed in an operating room by a surgical team with full respect for the donor. |
| Procurement Coordinator Coordinador de obtención | OPO staff member — typically a nurse, paramedic, or other medically trained individual — responsible for evaluating potential donors, discussing donation with families, medically managing the donor, and arranging organ recovery and transport. | Miembro del personal de la OPO —generalmente un enfermero, paramédico u otro profesional de la salud— responsable de evaluar a los posibles donantes, hablar con las familias sobre la obtención, gestionar médicamente al donante y coordinar la recuperación y el transporte de órganos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | May also be titled CDS, FES, or FCS depending on the OPO. See Abbreviations Reference. |
| R | ||||
| Recipient Receptor / Beneficiario | The patient receiving a donated organ or tissue. | El paciente que recibe un órgano o tejido donado. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Recovery Recuperación (extracción) | The process of removing organs and tissues from the donor for transplantation. Also called Procurement. | El proceso de extracción de órganos y tejidos del donante para su trasplante. También denominado obtención. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Rejection (Acute and Chronic) Rechazo (agudo y crónico) | The body’s defense response against a transplanted organ or tissue, which it perceives as foreign. Acute rejection occurs rapidly; chronic rejection is the slow failure of the donated organ over time. | La respuesta defensiva del organismo contra un órgano o tejido trasplantado, al que percibe como extraño. El rechazo agudo ocurre rápidamente; el rechazo crónico es el fallo progresivo del órgano donado que sucede con el tiempo. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Required Request Solicitud obligatoria | A law (1986) requiring hospitals to have a policy ensuring that families of all suitable donors are asked for consent to donate. | Ley (1986) que exige a los hospitales contar con una política que garantice que se solicite el consentimiento de las familias de todos los donantes potenciales adecuados. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Requester Solicitante | A healthcare professional who discusses organ donation with surviving family members to obtain their consent. | Profesional de la salud que habla con los familiares sobrevivientes sobre la obtención de órganos para obtener su consentimiento. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | In current practice, this is typically the OPO coordinator (FES/FCS). |
| S | ||||
| Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) Registro Científico de Receptores de Trasplantes (SRTR) | Established by NOTA (1984). Provides evaluation of clinical information about donors, transplant candidates, and recipients, as well as patient and graft survival rates. | Establecido por la NOTA (1984). Proporciona evaluación de información clínica sobre donantes, candidatos a trasplante y receptores, así como tasas de supervivencia de pacientes e injertos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Skin Piel | The largest organ of the body. Functions include protection from infection and fluid balance. Skin grafts can save burn victims and improve outcomes for severely scarred individuals. | El órgano más grande del cuerpo. Sus funciones incluyen la protección contra infecciones y el equilibrio de líquidos. Los injertos de piel pueden salvar la vida de víctimas de quemaduras y mejorar la calidad de vida de personas con cicatrices graves. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue — may be mentioned during a tissue donation consent conversation. |
| Status Estatus (estado de urgencia) | In transplantation, an indication of the degree of medical urgency for patients awaiting heart or liver transplants. | En trasplante, indicación del grado de urgencia médica de los pacientes en lista de espera para trasplante de corazón o hígado. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| T | ||||
| Tendon Tendón | A tough, flexible band of fibrous tissue connecting muscles to bones. Tendons can be transplanted. | Banda resistente y flexible de tejido fibroso que conecta los músculos con los huesos. Los tendones pueden trasplantarse. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Donatable tissue. |
| Tissue Tejido | A body part consisting of similar cells that perform a special function. Transplantable tissues include bones, corneas, heart valves, ligaments, veins, and tendons. | Parte del cuerpo compuesta de células similares que realizan una función especial. Los tejidos trasplantables incluyen huesos, córneas, válvulas cardíacas, ligamentos, venas y tendones. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Tissue Typing Tipificación tisular | A procedure testing the tissues of a prospective donor and recipient to identify human leukocyte antigens (HLA). | Procedimiento que analiza los tejidos de donantes y receptores potenciales para identificar los antígenos leucocitarios humanos (HLA). | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Transplantation Trasplante | The transfer of cells, tissue, or organs from one person to another. | La transferencia de células, tejidos u órganos de una persona a otra. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Transplantation — Allogenic (Allograft) Trasplante alogénico (aloinjerto) | Transplantation between genetically different members of the same species (not identical twins). | Trasplante entre miembros genéticamente diferentes de la misma especie (no gemelos idénticos). | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Transplantation — Autologous Trasplante autólogo | Receiving a transplant of one’s own cells or tissues. | Recibir un trasplante de las propias células o tejidos del paciente. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| Transplant Coordinator Coordinador de trasplante | A transplant center staff member responsible for managing the care and progress of potential transplant recipients before, during, and after transplantation. | Miembro del personal de un centro de trasplantes, responsable de gestionar la atención y el progreso de los posibles receptores de trasplante antes, durante y después del procedimiento. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | This is a transplant center role, distinct from the OPO coordinator. |
| Transplant Recipient Receptor de trasplante | A person who has received a tissue or organ transplant. | Persona que ha recibido un trasplante de tejido u órgano. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| U | ||||
| United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Red Unida para la Obtención de Órganos (UNOS) | The private, nonprofit organization that administers the OPTN under contract to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Coordinates the national organ matching system and the waiting list. | Organización privada sin fines de lucro que administra la OPTN bajo contrato con el Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos de EE. UU. Coordina el sistema nacional de compatibilización de órganos y la lista de espera. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
| V | ||||
| Vascularized Composite Allograft (VCA) Aloinjerto compuesto vascularizado (VCA) | A transplant composed of several types of tissue — skin, bone, muscles, blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. Examples include hand, arm, or face transplants. | Trasplante compuesto de varios tipos de tejidos: piel, hueso, músculos, vasos sanguíneos, nervios y tejido conjuntivo. Ejemplos: trasplantes de mano, brazo o cara. | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) | Less common; may be mentioned in specialized donation assignments. |
| W | ||||
| Waiting List Lista de espera | A national database maintained by the OPTN of all patients waiting for an organ transplant. Composed of sublists for specific organs. | Base de datos nacional mantenida por la OPTN con todos los pacientes que esperan un trasplante de órgano. Compuesta de sublistas para órganos específicos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | Over 100,000 individuals on the national list at any given time. |
| X | ||||
| Xenograft Xenoinjerto | An organ or tissue transplanted into a human from a non-human animal. | Órgano o tejido trasplantado a un ser humano proveniente de un animal no humano. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) | — |
🌐 Bilingual Abbreviations (EN-ES)
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Spanish equivalents for OPO staff role titles (FES, FCS, FSC, CDS) are functional translations, not established official terms. These roles are referred to by their English abbreviations in most U.S. OPO settings, even in Spanish-language interactions. Interpreters should default to the English abbreviation followed by a brief explanatory rendering (e.g., “la especialista en participación familiar — FES”).
Translation Sources: [A] donaciondeorganos.gov — official HRSA Spanish-language site | [B] MedlinePlus en español (U.S. National Library of Medicine) | [C] OPTN / HHS.gov Spanish-language materials | [D*] MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish — used for OPO staff role titles and AOPO, as no standardized official U.S. government Spanish equivalent exists for these specific terms.
| Abbrev. | Full Term — English | Término completo — Español | Translation Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| AOPO | Association of Organ Procurement Organizations National membership organization representing OPOs. | Asociación de Organizaciones de Obtención de Órganos Organización que representa a las OPO miembros a nivel nacional. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| AP | Authorizing / Acknowledging Party The individual who signs the authorization form. May differ from LNOK in some state laws. | Parte autorizante / que acusa de recibo La persona que firma el formulario de autorización. Puede diferir del LNOK según la ley estatal. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| BD / DBD | Brain Death / Donation after Brain Death BD is the neurologic determination of death; DBD describes the donation pathway. | Muerte cerebral / Obtención tras muerte cerebral La muerte cerebral es la determinación clínica de la muerte por cese completo e irreversible de la función neurológica; DBD describe la vía de obtención. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| CDS | Clinical Donation Specialist OPO staff role focused on medical management of the donor and organ matching. | Especialista clínico en obtención Función del personal de la OPO centrada en el manejo médico del donante y la compatibilidad de órganos. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| CMS | Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Federal agency that designates and oversees OPOs. | Centros de Servicios de Medicare y Medicaid Agencia federal que designa y supervisa a las OPO. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| DCD | Donation after Circulatory Death (also: Cardiac Death) Donation pathway in which death is declared by circulatory criteria. Different protocols than DBD. | Obtención tras muerte circulatoria (también: muerte cardíaca) Vía de obtención en la que la muerte se declara por criterios circulatorios. Protocolos distintos a los de DBD. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| DSA | Designated Service Area The geographic region an OPO is federally authorized to serve. | Área de servicio designada La región geográfica que una OPO está autorizada a servir a nivel federal. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| FCS | Family Care Specialist OPO role leading family support and authorization conversation. Same function as FES; title varies by OPO. | Especialista en atención a la familia Función de la OPO que lidera el apoyo familiar y la conversación de autorización. Misma función que FES; el título varía según la OPO. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| FES | Family Engagement Specialist OPO staff member who leads the authorization conversation with the donor family. The interpreter’s primary speaker in most assignments. | Especialista en participación familiar Miembro del personal de la OPO que lidera la conversación de autorización con la familia del donante. El interlocutor principal del intérprete en la mayoría de las asignaciones. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| FPA | First Person Authorization A legally binding donor designation made by the individual during their lifetime. Family cannot override it in FPA states. | Autorización de donante en vida Designación de donante legalmente vinculante realizada por la persona en vida. La familia no puede anularla en los estados con legislación de FPA. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| FSC | Family Services Coordinator Another OPO title variant for the family-facing staff role. Same function as FES/FCS. | Coordinador de servicios a la familia Otra variante del cargo en la OPO para la función de atención a la familia. Misma función que FES/FCS. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| HHS | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Federal department with oversight authority over organ donation and transplantation policy. | Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos de los EE. UU. Departamento federal con autoridad de supervisión sobre la política de obtención y trasplante de órganos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| HLA | Human Leukocyte Antigens Genetic markers used in donor-recipient compatibility testing (tissue typing). | Antígenos leucocitarios humanos Marcadores genéticos utilizados en las pruebas de compatibilidad donante-receptor (tipificación tisular). | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| ICU | Intensive Care Unit Hospital unit where most potential organ donors are managed prior to donation. | Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Unidad hospitalaria donde se atiende a la mayoría de los posibles donantes de órganos antes de la obtención. | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) |
| LNOK | Legal Next-of-Kin Person(s) with legal authority to authorize donation if the deceased was not a registered donor. Hierarchy defined by state law. | Pariente más cercano con autoridad legal Persona(s) con autoridad legal para autorizar la obtención si el fallecido no estaba registrado como donante. La jerarquía está definida por la ley estatal. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| ME | Medical Examiner In cases subject to legal or forensic review, the ME must release jurisdiction before donation can proceed. | Médico forense En casos sujetos a revisión legal o forense, el médico forense debe liberar la jurisdicción antes de que pueda proceder la obtención. | MedlinePlus en español (NLM) |
| NOTA | National Organ Transplant Act Federal law (1984) establishing the OPTN and framework for OPOs. Outlawed the sale of human organs. | Ley Nacional de Trasplante de Órganos Ley federal (1984) que estableció la OPTN y el marco para las OPO. Prohibió la venta de órganos humanos. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| OPO | Organ Procurement Organization Federally designated non-profit organization responsible for coordinating deceased organ donation in a defined service area. | Organización de Obtención de Órganos Organización sin fines de lucro designada a nivel federal, responsable de coordinar la obtención de órganos de personas fallecidas en un área de servicio definida. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| OPTN | Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network National network managing organ matching and transplant policies, administered by UNOS under federal contract. | Red de Obtención y Trasplante de Órganos Red nacional que gestiona la compatibilidad de órganos y las políticas de trasplante, administrada por UNOS bajo contrato federal. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| PIC / POC | Person in Charge / Point of Contact Hospital staff member coordinating with the OPO at the facility level. | Persona a cargo / Punto de contacto Miembro del personal hospitalario que coordina con la OPO a nivel de la institución. | MasterWord / standard medical-legal Spanish* |
| SRTR | Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients Federal database tracking all solid organ transplants in the U.S.; used for OPO performance reporting. | Registro Científico de Receptores de Trasplantes Base de datos federal que registra todos los trasplantes de órganos sólidos en los EE. UU.; se utiliza para los informes de desempeño de las OPO. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
| UAGA | Uniform Anatomical Gift Act State-level law providing legal guidelines for organ donation, including the legally binding nature of donor designations and the LNOK hierarchy. | Ley Uniforme de Obtención Anatómica Ley a nivel estatal que establece las pautas legales para la obtención de órganos, incluida la naturaleza legalmente vinculante de las designaciones de donantes y la jerarquía del LNOK. | OPTN / HHS.gov (Spanish) |
| UNOS | United Network for Organ Sharing Private non-profit administering the OPTN under federal contract. Manages the national transplant waiting list. | Red Unida para el Intercambio de Órganos Organización privada sin fines de lucro que administra la OPTN bajo contrato federal. Gestiona la lista de espera nacional de trasplantes. | donaciondeorganos.gov (HRSA) |
A note on role titles: FES, FCS, and FSC all refer to the same family-facing OPO function. Different OPOs use different titles for the coordinator who leads the family authorization conversation and provides support. FES (Family Engagement Specialist) is the title used by LifeGift; other OPOs may use FCS (Family Care Specialist) or FSC (Family Services Coordinator). In all cases, this is your primary speaker during the consent conversation. If you are unsure of the correct title before an assignment, refer to your assignment details or ask an OPO representative during a pre-brief.
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Trauma Informed
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| Trauma | الصدمة النفسية | Trauma | Traumatisme | Sang chấn | 創傷 |
| A deeply distressing or disturbing experience that overwhelms an individual’s ability to cope, often resulting in lasting adverse effects on functioning and mental, physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being. | تجربة مزعجة أو مربكة للغاية تعوق إلى حد كبير قدرة الفرد على التأقلم، وغالبًا ما تؤدي إلى آثار سلبية دائمة على الأداء الوظيفي والرفاه العقلي أو الجسدي أو الاجتماعي أو العاطفي أو الروحي. | Una experiencia profundamente angustiosa o perturbadora que desborda la capacidad de una persona para hacer frente a la situación, y a menudo provoca efectos adversos duraderos en el funcionamiento y el bienestar mental, físico, social, emocional o espiritual. | Une expérience profondément pénible ou dérangeante qui dépasse la capacité d’un individu à y faire face, entraînant souvent des effets néfastes durables sur le fonctionnement et le bien-être mental, physique, social, émotionnel ou spirituel. | Một trải nghiệm gây đau buồn hoặc khó chịu tột độ, vượt quá khả năng ứng phó của một cá nhân, thường dẫn đến những tác động tiêu cực lâu dài đến chức năng và sức khỏe tâm thần, thể chất, xã hội, cảm xúc hoặc tinh thần. | 一種令人深感痛苦或不安的經歷，超出了個人所能應對的範疇，往往會對功能及心理、生理、社交、情緒或精神健康造成持久的不良影響。 |
| Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) | تجارب الطفولة السلبية (ACEs) | Experiencias infantiles adversas (ACE, Adverse Childhood Experiences) | Expériences Défavorables durant l’Enfance (ACEs, pour son sigle en anglais) | Trải nghiệm Bất lợi Thời thơ ấu (ACEs) | 童年不良經驗 (ACE) |
| Potentially traumatic events that occur in childhood (0-17 years) such as experiencing violence, abuse, or neglect, witnessing violence in the home or community, or having a family member attempt or die by suicide. | أحداث من المحتمل أن تكون صادمة يمر بها الفرد في مرحلة الطفولة (0-17 سنة) مثل التعرض للعنف أو الإساءة أو الإهمال، أو مشاهدة العنف في المنزل أو المجتمع، أو محاولة أحد أفراد الأسرة الانتحار أو الوفاة عن طريق الانتحار. | Son eventos potencialmente traumáticos que ocurren en la infancia (0-17 años) como sufrir violencia, abusos o abandono, ser testigo de violencia en el hogar o en la comunidad, o que un miembro de la familia intente suicidarse o muera por suicidio. | Événements potentiellement traumatisants survenus pendant l’enfance (0-17 ans), tels que l’expérience de la violence, des abus ou de la négligence, le fait d’être témoin de violences à la maison ou dans la communauté, ou le fait qu’un membre de la famille ait tenté de se suicider ou soit décédé par suicide. | Những sự kiện gây sang chấn xảy ra trong thời thơ ấu (0-17 tuổi) như việc bị bạo lực, lạm dụng hoặc bỏ bê, chứng kiến bạo lực trong gia đình hoặc cộng đồng, hoặc có thành viên trong gia đình cố gắng tự tử hoặc qua đời do tự tử. | 在童年（0-17 歲）時期發生的潛在創傷事件，如經歷暴力、虐待或忽視，目睹家庭或社區中的暴力，或家庭成員試圖自殺或自殺身亡。 |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة (PTSD) | Trastorno de estrés postraumático (PTSD, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) | Trouble de Stress Post-Traumatique (PTSD, pour son sigle en anglais) | Rối loạn Căng thẳng Sau Sang chấn (PTSD) | 創傷後壓力症候群 (PTSD) |
| A mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event, characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the event. | حالة صحية عقلية يسببها التعرض لحدث مخيف أو مشاهدة حدث مخيف، وتتميز ببعض الأعراض مثل الومضات الارتجاعية (استرجاع الأحداث وذكريات الماضي) والكوابيس والقلق الشديد والأفكار الخارجة عن السيطرة حول الحدث المسبب لهذه الحالة. | Es un trastorno mental desencadenado por experimentar o presenciar de un suceso aterrador, caracterizado por síntomas como flashbacks, pesadillas, ansiedad grave y pensamientos incontrolables sobre el suceso. | Un état de santé mentale déclenché par l’expérience ou le témoignage d’un événement terrifiant, caractérisé par des symptômes tels que des flashbacks, des cauchemars, une anxiété sévère et des pensées incontrôlables à propos de l’événement. | Một tình trạng sức khỏe tâm thần xuất hiện sau khi trải qua hoặc chứng kiến một sự kiện đáng sợ, có các biểu hiện như hồi tưởng, mơ thấy ác mộng, lo âu tột độ và những suy nghĩ không ngừng về sự kiện đó. | 因經歷或目睹可怕事件而引發的心理健康狀況，其特徵包括回憶重現、惡夢、嚴重焦慮和對事件產生無法控制的想法等症狀。 |
| Complex PTSD (C-PTSD) | اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة المعقد (C-PTSD) | PTSD complejo (C-PTSD) | Trouble de stress post-traumatique complexe (C-PTSD, pour son sigle en anglais) | Rối loạn Căng thẳng Sau Sang chấn Phức tạp (C-PTSD) | 複雜性創傷後壓力症候群 (C-PTSD) |
| A condition that results from chronic or long-term exposure to emotional trauma over which a victim has little or no control and from which there is little or no hope of escape. | حالة ناتجة عن التعرض المزمن أو طويل الأمد لصدمة عاطفية خارجة عن سيطرة المصاب أو لا يملك المصاب السيطرة عليها ولا يوجد سوى أمل ضئيل في الهرب منها أو لا أمل مطلقًا في الهرب منها. | Es una afección provocada por la exposición crónica o a largo plazo a un trauma emocional sobre el que la víctima tiene poco o ningún control y del que hay poca o ninguna esperanza de escapar. | État résultant d’une exposition chronique ou à long terme à un traumatisme émotionnel sur lequel la victime n’a que peu ou pas de contrôle et dont elle n’a que peu ou pas d’espoir de s’échapper. | Một tình trạng xuất phát từ việc tiếp xúc lâu dài hoặc liên tục tổn thương cảm xúc mà nạn nhân có rất ít hoặc không thể kiểm soát, và hầu như không có hy vọng thoát khỏi. | 一種由於慢性或長期暴露於情感創傷而導致的病症，受害者幾乎或完全無法控制這種創傷，也幾乎或完全沒有逃離這種創傷的希望。 |
| Trauma-Informed Care | الرعاية المستنيرة للصدمات (TIC) | Atención informada sobre el trauma | Soins Tenant Compte des Traumatismes | Chăm sóc Dựa trên Hiểu biết về Sang chấn | 創傷知情照護 |
| An approach to engaging people with histories of trauma that recognizes the presence of trauma symptoms and acknowledges the role that trauma has played in their lives. | نهج رعاية يستهدف إشراك الأشخاص ممن لديهم تجارب معاناة من الصدمة ويراعي وجود أعراض الصدمة والدور الذي لعبته الصدمة في حياتهم. | Es un modelo para interactuar con las personas que tienen antecedentes de trauma que reconoce la presencia de los síntomas de trauma y el papel que el trauma ha desempeñado en sus vidas. | Une approche de l’engagement des personnes ayant subi des traumatismes, qui reconnaît la présence de symptômes de traumatisme et le rôle que le traumatisme a joué dans leur vie. | Một phương pháp tiếp cận trong việc tương tác với những người có tiền sử tổn thương tâm lý, nhận biết các triệu chứng sang chấn và công nhận tác động của tổn thương đó trong cuộc sống của họ. | 一種針對創傷經歷者的照護方法，讓他們認識到創傷症狀的存在，並承認創傷在其生活中所扮演的角色。 |
| Resilience | الصمود | Resiliencia | Résilience | Khả năng phục hồi | 復原力 |
| The ability to adapt well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress. | القدرة على التأقلم الجيد في مواجهة أي محنة، أو صدمة، أو حادث مأسوي، أو تهديد، أو أي مصادر ضغوط نفسية كبيرة. | Es la capacidad de adaptarse bien ante la adversidad, los traumas, las tragedias, las amenazas o las fuentes importantes de estrés. | Capacité à s’adapter à l’adversité, aux traumatismes, aux tragédies, aux menaces ou aux sources de stress importantes. | Khả năng thích ứng tốt khi đối mặt với nghịch cảnh, sang chấn, bi kịch, mối đe dọa, hoặc các yếu tố gây căng thẳng đáng kể. | 面對逆境、創傷、悲劇、威脅或重大壓力時，能夠良好適應的能力。 |
| Triggering | المحفز | Desencadenantes | Déclenchement | Khơi dậy tổn thương | 觸發 |
| Something that sets off a memory tape or flashback transporting the person back to the event of her/his original trauma. | العامل المسبب لاستثارة شريط الذكريات أو استرجاع الأحداث التي تُذكر الشخص بالحدث الذي يمثل مصدر الصدمة الأصلية. | Es algo que pone en marcha una cinta de memoria o flashback que transporta a la persona de vuelta al suceso de su trauma original. | Quelque chose qui déclenche une bande de mémoire ou un flashback transportant la personne vers l’événement de son traumatisme originel. | Một yếu tố nào đó làm khởi phát ký ức hoặc hồi tưởng, đưa người đó quay trở lại sự kiện sang chấn ban đầu. | 觸發記憶片段或回憶重現，將個人帶回原始創傷事件的事物。 |
| Dissociation | الانشقاق | Disociación | Dissociation | Sự tách biệt cảm xúc | 解離 |
| A coping mechanism used to disconnect from traumatic experiences, which can involve feeling detached from one’s body or surroundings. | إحدى آليات التأقلم التي يلجأ إليها الفرد للانفصال عن التجارب الصادمة، وقد تنطوي على الشعور بالانفصال عن الذات أو البيئة المحيطة بالفرد. | Es un mecanismo de afrontamiento utilizado para desconectar de las experiencias traumáticas, que puede implicar sentirse ajeno al propio cuerpo o al entorno. | Mécanisme d’adaptation utilisé pour se déconnecter des expériences traumatisantes, ce qui peut impliquer de se sentir détaché de son corps ou de son environnement. | Một cơ chế ứng phó để tránh tiếp xúc với những trải nghiệm sang chấn, có thể khiến người ta cảm thấy như tách biệt khỏi cơ thể hoặc môi trường xung quanh. | 一種用於脫離創傷經歷的應對機制，其中可能涉及與自己的身體或周圍環境分離的感覺。 |
| Hypervigilance | فرط اليقظة | Hipervigilancia | Hypervigilance | Cảnh giác cao độ | 過度警覺 |
| A state of increased alertness and sensitivity to one’s environment, often accompanied by a readiness to respond to potential threats. | حالة تتسم بفرط الحذر أو الحساسية تجاه البيئة المحيطة بالفرد، وغالبًا ما تكون مصحوبة بالتأهب للاستجابة لتهديدات محتملة. | Es un estado de mayor alerta y sensibilidad hacia el propio entorno, a menudo acompañado de una disposición a responder a amenazas potenciales. | Un état de vigilance et de sensibilité accrues à l’égard de l’environnement, souvent accompagné d’une volonté de répondre à des menaces potentielles. | Trạng thái tăng cường sự cảnh giác và nhạy cảm với môi trường xung quanh, thường đi kèm với sự sẵn sàng đối phó với các mối đe dọa tiềm ẩn. | 對環境的警覺性和敏感度增加的狀態，並常伴隨著隨時應對潛在威脅的準備。 |
| Somatic Symptoms | الأعراض الجسدية | Síntomas somáticos | Symptômes Somatiques | Các triệu chứng Bản thể | 體化症 |
| Physical manifestations of trauma, such as chronic pain, digestive issues, or other bodily discomforts that may not have an identifiable medical cause. | المظاهر الجسدية للصدمة، مثل الألم المزمن أو مشكلات الجهاز الهضمي أو غيرها من المتاعب الجسدية التي ربما لا يكون لها سبب طبي محدد. | Son manifestaciones físicas del trauma, como dolor crónico, problemas digestivos u otras molestias corporales que es posible que no tengan una causa médica identificable. | Les manifestations physiques du traumatisme, telles que les douleurs chroniques, les problèmes digestifs ou d’autres malaises corporels qui peuvent ne pas avoir de cause médicale identifiable. | Các dấu hiệu thể chất của sang chấn, bao gồm đau mạn tính, vấn đề về tiêu hóa, hoặc các khó chịu khác trong cơ thể mà có thể không tìm thấy nguyên nhân y khoa rõ ràng. | 創傷的生理表現，例如慢性疼痛、消化問題或其他可能沒有明確醫學原因的身體不適。 |
| Flashback | الومضة الارتجاعية | Flashback | Flashback | Hồi tưởng | 回憶重現 |
| A vivid, often negative memory that may feel as though the traumatic event is happening again in the present moment. | مشهد من الذاكرة الحية، غالبًا ما يكون سلبيًا وقد يُشعِر الفرد بالتعرض مجددًا للحدث الصادم وقت استرجاع هذا المشهد. | Es un recuerdo vívido, a menudo negativo, que puede sentirse como si el suceso traumático estuviera ocurriendo de nuevo en el momento presente. | Un souvenir vif, souvent négatif, qui peut donner l’impression que l’événement traumatique se reproduit au moment présent. | Một ký ức rõ nét, thường mang sắc thái tiêu cực, có thể khiến người trải nghiệm cảm thấy như sự kiện đau thương đang xảy ra lại trong thời điểm hiện tại. | 一段鮮明且常帶有負面情感的記憶，使人感覺彷彿創傷事件又在當下重現。 |
| Grounding Techniques | أساليب العودة للواقع | Técnicas de anclaje | Techniques d’Ancrage | Kỹ thuật Tập trung vào Hiện tại (Grounding Techniques) | 接地穩定技巧 |
| Strategies used to reconnect with the present moment and reduce anxiety or dissociation, often involving sensory awareness exercises. | استراتيجيات تُستخدَّم لاستعادة الوعي بالواقع الحالي والحد من القلق أو الانشقاق، وغالبًا ما تتضمن تمارين الوعي الحسي. | Son estrategias que se usan para volver a conectar con el momento presente y reducir la ansiedad o la disociación, que a menudo implican ejercicios de conciencia sensorial. | Stratégies utilisées pour se reconnecter au moment présent et réduire l’anxiété ou la dissociation, impliquant souvent des exercices de sensibilisation sensorielle. | Các chiến lược được sử dụng để kết nối lại với khoảnh khắc hiện tại và giảm lo âu hoặc sự tách biệt cảm xúc thường bao gồm các bài tập tăng cường nhận thức giác quan. | 用於重新連結當下並減少焦慮或解離的策略，常涉及感官意識的練習。 |
| Trauma Bond | الارتباط النفسي بالصدمة | Vínculo traumático | Lien traumatique | Gắn kết Đau thương | 創傷束縛 |
| A strong emotional attachment between a victim and their abuser, formed as a result of a cycle of abuse and positive reinforcement. | ارتباط عاطفي قوي بين الضحية والمعتدي عليه، وينشأ نتيجة التعرض لدورة من الإساءة والتعزيز الإيجابي. | Es un fuerte vínculo emocional entre una víctima y su maltratador, que se ha formado como resultado de un ciclo de maltrato y refuerzo positivo. | Un attachement émotionnel fort entre une victime et son agresseur, formé à la suite d’un cycle d’abus et de renforcement positif. | Một sự gắn kết cảm xúc mạnh mẽ giữa nạn nhân và kẻ lạm dụng, được hình thành từ một chu kỳ lạm dụng và sự củng cố tích cực. | 受虐者和施虐者之間強烈的情感依賴，因虐待和正向強化的循環而形成。 |
| Intergenerational Trauma | الصدمة المتوارثة عبر الأجيال | Trauma intergeneracional | Traumatisme Intergénérationnel | Sang chấn Liên thế hệ | 代際創傷 |
| Trauma that is passed down from one generation to the next through biological, environmental, and social factors. | صدمة نفسية تنتقل من جيل للجيل الذي يليه من خلال مجموعة من العوامل الحيوية والبيئية والاجتماعية. | Es el trauma que se transmite de una generación a otra a través de factores biológicos, medioambientales y sociales. | Traumatisme transmis d’une génération à l’autre par des facteurs biologiques, environnementaux et sociaux. | Sang chấn được truyền từ thế hệ này sang thế hệ khác thông qua các yếu tố sinh học, môi trường và xã hội. | 透過生物學、環境和社會因素跨世代相傳的創傷。 |
| Trauma-Informed Organization | المؤسسة المراعية للصدمات | Organización informada sobre el trauma | Organisation Tenant compte des traumatismes | Tổ chức Dựa trên Hiểu biết về Sang chấn | 創傷知情組織 |
| An organization that understands the widespread impact of trauma, recognizes signs and symptoms, responds by integrating knowledge about trauma into policies and practices, and seeks to actively resist re-traumatization. | مؤسسة تتفهم أثر الصدمة النفسية واسع النطاق، وتميز علاماتها وأعراضها، وتستجيب لها بدمج المعرفة بالصدمات النفسية في سياساتها وممارساتها، وتسعى إلى التصدي الفعال للتعرض مجددًا للصدمات النفسية. | Es una organización que comprende el impacto generalizado del trauma, reconoce los signos y síntomas, responde integrando los conocimientos sobre el trauma en las políticas y prácticas, y trata de resistirse activamente a la repetición del trauma. | Une organisation qui comprend l’impact généralisé des traumatismes, reconnaît les signes et les symptômes, réagit en intégrant les connaissances sur les traumatismes dans les politiques et les pratiques, et cherche à résister activement à la retraumatisation. | Một tổ chức nhận thức được tác động sâu rộng của sang chấn, xác định được các dấu hiệu và triệu chứng, phản ứng bằng cách tích hợp kiến thức về sang chấn vào chính sách và thực tiễn, đồng thời tìm cách chủ động chống lại việc tái sang chấn. | 一個理解創傷所帶來廣泛影響的組織，能識別徵象和症狀，並透過將創傷相關知識融入政策和實務操作來應對，積極防止再度造成創傷。 |
| Trauma-Informed Approach | النهج المستنير بالصدمات | Enfoque informado sobre el trauma | Approche Fondée sur les Traumatismes | Cách tiếp cận Dựa trên Hiểu biết về Sang chấn | 創傷知情導向 |
| A framework that involves understanding, recognizing, and responding to the effects of all types of trauma, emphasizing physical, psychological, and emotional safety for both providers and survivors. | إطار عمل يتضمن الإحاطة بآثار جميع أنواع الصدمات والتعرف عليها والاستجابة لها، مع التأكيد على السلامة الجسدية والنفسية والعاطفية لكل من مقدمي الخدمات والناجين. | Es un marco que implica comprender, reconocer y responder a los efectos de todos los tipos de trauma, haciendo hincapié en la seguridad física, psicológica y emocional tanto para los proveedores como para los sobrevivientes. | Un cadre qui implique la compréhension, la reconnaissance et la réponse aux effets de tous les types de traumatismes, en mettant l’accent sur la sécurité physique, psychologique et émotionnelle, tant pour les prestataires que pour les survivants. | Một khuôn khổ liên quan đến việc hiểu, nhận biết và ứng phó với những tác động của tất cả các loại sang chấn, nhấn mạnh sự an toàn về thể chất, tâm lý và cảm xúc cho cả nhà cung cấp và nạn nhân. | 一種理解、識別和應對所有類型創傷影響的框架，強調服務提供者與倖存者的生理、心理和情緒安全。 |
| Retraumatization | إعادة الصدمة | Retraumatización | Retraumatisation | Tái sang chấn | 再度創傷 |
| The triggering or reactivation of trauma symptoms through exposure to situations, interactions, or environments that remind the individual of past trauma. | تحفيز أعراض الصدمة أو إعادة تنشيطها بفعل التعرض لمواقف أو تفاعلات أو أجواء تُذكِّر الفرد بصدمة سبق أن تعرض لها. | Es el desencadenamiento o la reactivación de síntomas traumáticos a través de la exposición a situaciones, interacciones o entornos que le recuerdan al individuo traumas anteriores. | Le déclenchement ou la réactivation de symptômes de traumatisme par l’exposition à des situations, des interactions ou des environnements qui rappellent à l’individu un traumatisme passé. | Việc khơi dậy hoặc tái kích hoạt các triệu chứng sang chấn qua việc tiếp xúc với các tình huống, tương tác hoặc môi trường gợi nhớ cho người đó về sang chấn trong quá khứ. | 個人由於暴露在過去創傷的情境、互動或環境而觸發或再次引發創傷症狀。 |
| Vicarious Trauma | الصدمة غير المباشرة | Trauma vicario | Trauma Vicariant | Sang chấn Gián tiếp | 替代性創傷 |
| The emotional residue or strain of exposure to working with those suffering from the consequences of traumatic events. It can affect professionals in mental health fields, emergency services, and others who work closely with trauma survivors. | الرواسب العاطفية أو الإجهاد العاطفي الناجم عن التعرض للعمل مع من يعانون من عواقب أحداث صادمة. قد تؤثر على المهنيين العاملين في مجال الصحة النفسية وخدمات الطوارئ وغيرهم ممن يعملون عن قرب مع الناجين من الصدمات. | Es el residuo emocional o el estrés por la exposición a trabajar con personas que sufren las consecuencias de sucesos traumáticos. Puede afectar a los profesionales de la salud mental, los servicios de emergencia y otras personas que trabajan de cerca con sobrevivientes de traumas. | Le résidu émotionnel ou la tension liée à l’exposition au travail avec des personnes souffrant des conséquences d’événements traumatisants. Elle peut affecter les professionnels de la santé mentale, les services d’urgence et d’autres personnes qui travaillent en étroite collaboration avec les victimes de traumatismes. | Cảm xúc còn sót lại hoặc căng thẳng khi phải làm việc với những người đang phải chịu hậu quả của các sự kiện sang chấn. Tình trạng này có thể ảnh hưởng đến các chuyên gia trong các lĩnh vực sức khỏe tâm thần, dịch vụ khẩn cấp và những người khác làm việc chặt chẽ với những nạn nhân sang chấn. | 因接觸受創傷事件後遺症影響的人而產生的情緒殘餘或壓力。它可能影響心理健康領域、急救服務領域的專業人員，以及其他與創傷倖存者密切合作的人員。 |
| Trauma-Sensitive Schools | المدارس المراعية للصدمات النفسية | Escuelas sensibles al trauma | Écoles Sensibles aux Traumatismes | Trường học Nhạy cảm với Sang chấn | 創傷敏感學校 |
| Educational environments that recognize the impact of traumatic stress on children and provide support to students through trauma-informed practices and policies. | البيئات التعليمية التي تقدر تأثير الصدمة النفسية على الأطفال وتقدم الدعم للطلاب بتطبيق الممارسات والسياسات الواعية بالصدمات النفسية. | Son entornos educativos que reconocen el impacto del estrés traumático en los menores y brindan apoyo a los alumnos mediante prácticas y políticas informadas sobre el trauma. | Des environnements éducatifs qui reconnaissent l’impact du stress traumatique sur les enfants et apportent un soutien aux élèves par le biais de pratiques et de politiques tenant compte des traumatismes. | Môi trường giáo dục nhận thức được tác động của căng thẳng do sang chấn đối với trẻ em và cung cấp hỗ trợ cho học sinh thông qua các viện pháp thực hành và chính sách dựa trên hiểu biết về sang chấn. | 認同創傷性壓力對兒童造成影響的教育環境，並透過創傷相關的實務操作和政策為學生提供支持。 |
| Window of Tolerance | نافذة التحمل | Margen de tolerancia | Fenêtre de Tolérance | Cửa sổ Chấp nhận | 身心容納之窗 |
| A term used to describe the zone of arousal in which a person is able to function most effectively. When we are within our window of tolerance, we are able to readily receive, process, and integrate information and respond to the demands of everyday life. | مصطلح يُستخدَّم للإشارة إلى منطقة الاستثارة التي يستطيع الشخص فيها العمل بأقصى قدر من الكفاءة. عند وجودنا في نطاق نافذة التحمل الخاصة بنا، نكون قادرين على تلقي المعلومات ومعالجتها ودمجها بسهولة والاستجابة لمتطلبات الحياة اليومية. | Es un término utilizado para describir la zona de activación en la que una persona es capaz de funcionar con mayor eficacia. Cuando nos encontramos dentro de nuestro margen de tolerancia, somos capaces de recibir, procesar e integrar fácilmente la información y responder a las exigencias de la vida cotidiana. | Terme utilisé pour décrire la zone d’éveil dans laquelle une personne est capable de fonctionner le plus efficacement. Lorsque nous nous trouvons dans notre fenêtre de tolérance, nous sommes en mesure de recevoir, de traiter et d’intégrer facilement les informations et de répondre aux exigences de la vie quotidienne. | Một thuật ngữ được sử dụng để chỉ vùng kích thích mà trong đó một người có khả năng hoạt động tốt nhất. Khi ở trong cửa sổ chấp nhận (window of tolerance), chúng ta có thể tiếp nhận, xử lý và kết hợp thông tin một cách thuận lợi, cũng như đáp ứng với những đòi hỏi của cuộc sống hàng ngày. | 此術語用於描述個人能夠最有效地發揮作用的覺醒區域。當我們處於我們的身心容納之窗範圍時，我們能夠很好地接收、處理和整合訊息，並對日常生活的需求做出反應。 |
| Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) | العلاج السلوكي المعرفي المركّز على الصدمات (TF-CBT) | Terapia cognitivo-conductual centrada en el trauma (TF-CBT, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) | Thérapie Cognitivo-Comportementale Axée sur le Trauma (TF-CBT, pour son sigle en anglais) | Liệu pháp Nhận thức Hành vi Tập trung vào Sang chấn (TF-CBT) | 創傷聚焦認知行為治療法 (TF-CBT) |
| A specific type of cognitive behavioral therapy that addresses the unique needs of children with PTSD symptoms, depression, behavior problems, and other difficulties related to traumatic life experiences. | أحد أنواع العلاج السلوكي المعرفي المحددة يستهدف معالجة الاحتياجات الفريدة للأطفال الذين يعانون من أعراض اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة، والاكتئاب، والمشكلات السلوكية، وغيرها من الصعوبات المتعلقة بتجارب الحياة الصادمة. | Es un tipo específico de terapia cognitivo-conductual que aborda las necesidades únicas de los niños con síntomas de PTSD, depresión, problemas de conducta y otras dificultades relacionadas con experiencias vitales traumáticas. | Un type spécifique de thérapie cognitivo-comportementale qui répond aux besoins spécifiques des enfants présentant des symptômes de stress post-traumatique, de dépression, de problèmes de comportement et d’autres difficultés liées à des expériences de vie traumatisantes. | Một loại liệu pháp nhận thức hành vi cụ thể nhằm đáp ứng nhu cầu đặc thù của trẻ em có triệu chứng PTSD, trầm cảm, các vấn đề về hành vi và những khó khăn khác liên quan đến trải nghiệm sang chấn trong cuộc sống. | 一種特定類型的認知行為療法，可滿足有創傷後壓力症候群症狀、憂鬱、行為問題，以及其他創傷性生活經歷相關困難的兒童的獨特需求。 |
| Neurobiology of Trauma | البيولوجيا العصبية للصدمة | Neurobiología del trauma | Neurobiologie du Traumatisme | Sinh học thần kinh về Sang chấn | 創傷神經生物學 |
| The study of how trauma affects brain structure, function, and development, including changes in the stress-response system and memory processing. | دراسة كيفية تأثير الصدمة على بنية الدماغ ووظائفه ونموه، بما في ذلك أي تغيرات في نظام الاستجابة للضغوط ومعالجة الذاكرة. | Es el estudio de cómo el trauma afecta a la estructura, la función y el desarrollo del cerebro, incluidos los cambios en el sistema de respuesta al estrés y el procesamiento de la memoria. | L’étude de la façon dont les traumatismes affectent la structure, le fonctionnement et le développement du cerveau, y compris les changements dans le système de réponse au stress et le traitement de la mémoire. | Nghiên cứu về cách sang chấn ảnh hưởng đến cấu trúc, chức năng và sự phát triển của não bộ, bao gồm cả sự thay đổi trong hệ thống phản ứng căng thẳng và quá trình ghi nhớ. | 研究創傷如何影響大腦結構、功能和發展，包括壓力反應系統和記憶處理的變化。 |
| Trauma-Informed Leadership | القيادة المستنيرة بالصدمات النفسية | Liderazgo informado sobre el trauma | Leadership Fondé sur les Traumatismes | Lãnh đạo Dựa trên Hiểu biết về Sang chấn | 創傷知情領導力 |
| A style of organizational leadership that integrates knowledge about trauma into all aspects of leadership, including policy-making, program development, and day-to-day management. | أسلوب قيادة مؤسسية يراعي دمج المعرفة بالصدمات النفسية في جميع جوانب القيادة، بما في ذلك وضع السياسات وتطوير البرامج والإدارة اليومية. | Es un estilo de liderazgo organizativo que integra el conocimiento sobre el trauma en todos los aspectos del liderazgo, como la elaboración de políticas, el desarrollo de programas y la gestión diaria. | Un style de leadership organisationnel qui intègre la connaissance des traumatismes dans tous les aspects du leadership, y compris l’élaboration de politiques, le développement de programmes et la gestion quotidienne. | Một phong cách lãnh đạo tổ chức kết hợp kiến thức về sang chấn vào tất cả các khía cạnh của lãnh đạo, bao gồm việc xây dựng chính sách, phát triển chương trình và quản lý hàng ngày. | 一種將創傷知識融入領導各個層面的組織領導風格，包括政策制定、計畫開發和日常管理。 |
| Adverse Community Environments (ACEs) | البيئات المجتمعية السلبية (ACEs) | Entornos comunitarios adversos (ACE, Adverse Community Environments) | Environnements Communautaires Défavorables (ACEs, pour son sigle en anglais) | Môi trường Cộng đồng Bất lợi (ACEs) | 不良的社區環境 (ACE) |
| The community-level equivalent of Adverse Childhood Experiences, referring to environments marked by poverty, discrimination, community disruption, lack of economic opportunities, and poor housing quality. | مكافئ تجارب الطفولة السلبية على مستوى المجتمع المحلي، وتشير إلى البيئات التي تتسم بالفقر والتمييز والاضطراب المجتمعي وانعدام الفرص الاقتصادية وتدني نوعية السكن. | El equivalente a nivel comunitario de las experiencias infantiles adversas, que se refiere a entornos marcados por la pobreza, la discriminación, las alteraciones en la comunidad, la falta de oportunidades económicas y la mala calidad de la vivienda. | L’équivalent au niveau communautaire des expériences négatives de l’enfance, se référant à des environnements marqués par la pauvreté, la discrimination, la perturbation de la communauté, le manque d’opportunités économiques et la mauvaise qualité du logement. | Tương đương ở cấp độ cộng đồng với Trải nghiệm Bất lợi Thời thơ ấu, chỉ những môi trường có đặc điểm là nghèo đói, phân biệt đối xử, gián đoạn cộng đồng, thiếu cơ hội kinh tế và chất lượng nhà ở kém. | 與「童年不良經驗」相對應的社區層面環境，包含貧困、歧視、社區混亂、經濟機會缺乏和住房品質不佳等特徵。 |
| Trauma Stewardship | الرعاية الشاملة المرتبطة بالصدمات النفسية | Gestión del trauma | Gestion du Trauma | Quản lý Sang chấn | 創傷管理 |
| The practice of caring for oneself while caring for others and their trauma, often used in the context of professionals working with trauma survivors. | ممارسة العناية بالنفس أثناء تقديم الرعاية للآخرين ومعالجة صدماتهم النفسية، وغالبًا ما يُستخدَّم هذا المصطلح في سياق أعمال المهنيين المتعاملين مع الناجين من الصدمات النفسية. | Es la práctica de cuidar de uno mismo mientras se cuida de los demás y de su trauma, a menudo utilizada en el contexto de los profesionales que trabajan con sobrevivientes de traumas. | La pratique consistant à prendre soin de soi tout en prenant soin des autres et de leurs traumatismes, souvent utilisée dans le contexte des professionnels travaillant avec des survivants de traumatismes. | Thực hành chăm sóc bản thân trong khi chăm sóc những người khác và các sang chấn của họ, thường được sử dụng trong bối cảnh các chuyên gia làm việc với những nạn nhân sau sang chấn. | 在照顧他人及其創傷的同時兼顧自我照護的實務做法，常用於照顧創傷倖存者的專業人員。 |